ThehumanC-X-CchemokineIL-8isapotentneutrophilchemotacticandactivatingfactor(1).TwodistinctcellsurfacereceptorscaninteractwiththeIL-8molecule.ThesetwostructuresareknownasIL-8RA(typeIorCXCR-1)andIL-8RB(typeIIorCXCR-2)(2,3).Thetworeceptorsshare77%aminoacidhomologyandarebothmembersoftherhodopsinsuperfamilyofGprotein-linkedreceptorsthatspanthecellmembranewithsevenhydrophobictransmembranedomains.OfthetwoIL-8receptors,onlyIL-8RAexclusivelybindsIL-8(4).AthirdIL-8bindingstructure,knownastheDuffybloodgroupantigen,hasbeenidentifiedonredbloodcells(5).IL-8RAexpressionhasbeendocumentedonneutrophils,monocytesandasmallpopulationofTcells(2).TheCXCR-2receptorhastheABIlitytobindavarietyofchemokines,includingIL-8,GROα,βandγ,NAP-2andENA-78.
Images:A.TypicalstainingobservedwithFAB331FonmousecellstransfectedwiththehumanCXCR-1,CXCR-2orCXCR-4gene.AnisotypecontrolstainingoftheCXCR-2transfectedcellsisalsoshown.B.TypicalstainingobservedwithFAB331Fonhumanperipheralgranulocytes.Anisotype-matchedcontrolstainingofthesamegranulocytesisalsoshown.
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