Ubiquilin2,alsoknownasUBQLN2,PLIC2andChap1,isamemberoftheubiquilinproteinfamily,whichregulatethedegradationofcellularproteinsthroughproteasomeorautophage-likepathways.Humanshavefourubiquilingenes,eachencodingaseparateproteinreferredtoasUbiquilin1,2,3and4.AllubiquilinscontainanN-terminalubiquitin-like(UBL)domainandaC-terminalubiquitin-associated(UBA)domain,whilethecentralpartofthemoleculesarehighlyvariable.
Image:HeLacellsstaingwith Ubiquilin2 (green),andcounterstainedwithchickenpolyclonalVimentinantibodyto(red)andDNA(blue).Theantibodyrevealsstrongnuclearlaminastaining,whiletheVimentinantibodyrevealscytoplasmicintermediatefilaments.Protocolondatasheet.
TeepuSiddiqueandhiscollaboratorshaveidentifiedmutationsintheubiquilin2geneleADIngtoproteinpointmutationswhichwereimportantcontributorstoseveralformsofamyotrophiclateralsclerosis(ALS)andFrontotemporallobardegeneration(FTLD).Interestingly,thesemutationsinvolvedalterationsinprolineresiduesinthePXXrepeatregion(P497H,P497S,P506T,P509SandP525S*).Recently,theLeeandTrojanowskigroupinvestigatedC9orf72hexanucleotideexpansionandubiquilin2pathologyinpatientswithALSandFTLDbygeneticanalysisandimmunohistochemistryandfounddistinctubiquilin2pathologyinALSandFTLD-TDPwithC9orf72expansion.***NatureAug21;477(7363):211-52011).**ActaNeuropathol.Jun;123(6):825-392012.
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